Laboratory Values for Patients with Kidney Disease

	Normal range	Renal failure
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR)	100-150 mL/min/1.73 m²	<15 mL/min/1.73 m²
Creatinine clearance (female)	85-125 mL/min	10-50 mL/min (moderate)
Creatinine clearance (male)	97-140 mL/min	<10 mL/min (severe)
Serum creatinine	0.6-1.2 mg/dL	>5.0 mg/dL
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)	8-18 mg/dL	>50 mg/dL
Serum calcium	8.5-10.5 mg/dL	Depressed
Serum phosphate	2.5-4.5 mg/dL	Elevated
Serum potassium	3.8-5.0 mEq/L	Elevated

Stages of chronic kidney disease#

	Kidney function	GFR	Comments
Stage 1	slightly diminished	≥90 mL/min/1.73 m²
Stage 2	mild reduction	60–89 mL/min/1.73 m²
Stage 3	moderate reduction	30–59 mL/min/1.73 m²	British guidelines distinguish between stage 3A (GFR 45–59) and stage 3B (GFR 30–44) for purposes of screening and referral
Stage 4	severe reduction	15–29 mL/min/1.73 m²	preparation for renal replacement therapy
Stage 5	established kidney failure	<15 mL/min/1.73 m²	permanent renal replacement therapy

References
- Parsegian K, Trivedi R, Ioannidou E. Renal diseases. In: Glick M, Greenberg MS, Lockhart PB, Challacombe S, eds. Burket’s Oral Medicine. 13th ed. Wiley-Blackwell; 2021.
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