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Oral and Other Non-Insulin Hypoglycemic Agents

Insulin secretagogues#

Stimulate beta cells to increase insulin secretion. ⚠️May result in hypoglycemia.#

Sulfonylureas#

Tolbutamide#

  • Orinase®

Glimepiride#

  • Amyral®

Glipizide#

  • Glucotrol®
  • Glucotrol XL®

Glyburide#

  • Micronase®, DiaBeta®

Glyburide, micronized#

  • Glynase PresTab®

Glinides#

Repaglinide#

  • Prandin®

Nateglinide#

  • Starlix®

Euglycemics#

Brings the blood glucose into the normal range. Low risk of hypoglycemia.#

Metformin#

  • Glucophage®
  • Extended release (ER):
    • Glucophage XR®
    • Fortamet®
    • Glumetza
  • Riomet® (liquid, 500 mg/5ml)

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors#

Delays digestion and absorption of carbohydrates. Low risk of hypoglycemia.#

Acarbose#

  • Precose®

Thiazolidinediones (Glitazones or TZDs)#

Decreases insulin resistance in fat and muscle tissues. Low risk of hypoglycemia.#

Pioglitazone#

  • Actos®

Rosiglitazone#

  • Avandia®

Albiglutide#

  • Tanzeum®

GLP-1 (glucagone-like peptide-1) analogs#

Increases insulin secretion, reduces glucose release from liver after meals, delays food emptying from stomach and promotes satiety. Low risk of hypoglycemia. (These medications are also known as incretin mimetics.)#

Exenatide#

  • Byetta®

Liraglutide#

  • Victoza®

Dulaglutide#

  • Trulicity®

DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4) inhibitors#

Increases insulin secretion and reduces glucose release from the liver after meals, Low risk of hypoglycemia.#

Alogliptin#

  • Nesina®

Sitagliptin#

  • Januvia®

Saxagliptin#

  • Onglyza®

    Linagliptin#

  • Tradjenta®

SGLT2 (sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 ) inhibitors#

Increases glucose excretion in the urine. Low risk of hypoglycemia.#

Canagliflozin#

  • Invokana®

Dapagliflozin#

  • Farxiga®

Empagliflozin#

  • Jardiance®

Combination oral medications#

Alogliptin/Metformin#

  • Kazano®

Alogliptin/Pioglitazone#

  • Oseni®

Empagliflozin/Linagliptin#

  • Glyxambi®

Empagliflozin/Metformin#

  • Synjardy®

Canagliflozin/Metformin#

  • Invokamet®

Dapagliflozin/Metformin XR#

  • Xigduo XR®

Glipizide/Metformin#

  • Metaglip®

Glyburide/Metformin#

  • Glucovance®

Linagliptin/Metformin#

  • Jentadueto®

Pioglitazone/Glimepiride#

  • Duetact®

Pioglitazone/Metformin#

  • ActoPlus Met®

Pioglitazone/Metformin XR#

  • ActoPlus Met XR®

Repaglinide/Metformin#

  • PrandiMet®

Rosiglitazone/Glimepiride#

  • Avandryl®

Rosiglitazone/Metformin#

  • Avandamet®

Saxagliptin/Metformin XR#

  • Kombiglyze XR®

Sitagliptin/Metformin#

  • Janumet®

Sitagliptin/Metformin#

  • Janumet XR®

Related Pages#

References/Websites#